List of countries by foreign exchange reserves

At the end of 2007, 63.90% of the identified official foreign exchange reserves in the world were held in United States dollars and 26.5% in euros [1].
Monetary Authorities with the largest foreign reserves in 2009.
Rank
Country/Monetary Authority
billion USD (end of month)
1
People's Republic of China
$ 2273 (Sep 2009) 1[1]
2
Japan
$ 1019 (Jun 2009)[2]
-
Eurozone
$ 531 (Feb 2009)
3
Russia
$ 423 (Oct 2009) 2 [3]
4
Taiwan
$ 321.09 (Apr 2009) [4]
5
India
$ 281 (Sep 2009) 2 [5]
6
South Korea
$ 254 (Sep 2009)[6]
7
Hong Kong
$ 233 (Aug 2009)
8
Brazil
$ 233 (Oct 2009) 3[7]
9
Germany
$ 184 (Sep 2009)
10
Singapore
$ 182 (Sep 2009)
Note:
Note 1: China updates its information quarterly.
Note 2: Russia and India update their information weekly and monthly.
Note 3: Brazil updates its information daily.
These few holders account for more than 60% of total world foreign currency reserves. The adequacy of the foreign exchange reserves is more often expressed not as an absolute level, but as a percentage of short-term foreign debt, money supply, or average monthly imports.
On July 15, 2009, the People's Bank of China announced China's foreign exchange reserve had reached $2.132 trillion by far the largest holders of foreign exchange reserves and the first time a country had surpassed the $2 trillion benchmark.